Read the Room
Tuesday morning, PEN America released a grim report detailing the swarm of attacks pushing our public libraries toward “a breaking point.” Right-wing prigs and other enemies of literary liberty have marched beyond old-fashioned book bans to disrupt author events, defund libraries, and even harass librarians.
In a cringe-inducing bit of bad timing, the Association of American Publishers and the Authors Guild released a study 40 minutes later claiming that public libraries are harming the publishing industry.
The crux of this conflict between good people is ebook lending, which has risen rapidly over the past decade. Some publishers contend — as this new report argues — that when readers download more ebooks for free from their local library, they buy fewer books, a phenomenon called “retail cannibalization.”
According to the report, “Consumer print sales decline by approximately 0.85 to 1.0 percent for every 1-percentage-point increase in the share of e-books in public libraries.”
If that’s too technical, beware. The report, written by a pair of Ph.D. economists, descends into some very high-level literary analysis:
log(Salesi,t)=αa+δt+βlog(LibSeattlei,t)+X′i,tγ+εi,t
But here are the basics: Last year, more than 820 million digital items were checked out worldwide, and libraries are moving as fast as they can to accommodate this expanding preference.
Of course, library lending has always allowed people to enjoy books they would otherwise have to buy, but the “frictionless” convenience of downloading a library ebook — without even leaving one’s home — has some publishers lamenting those lost purchases. As the report puts it: “With respect to bestsellers, library e-lending is not serving as a channel for discovery but rather is substituting for retail e-book sales at the national level.”
That claim recasts the basic function of public libraries as an economic liability. It’s a 21st-century recycling of the old argument that free lending poses a threat to publishers’ business model. We settled that long ago for physical books; we’re still hammering it out for ebooks.
The authors of this report are clearly anxious about throwing shade on what might be the last adored institution in America. They call libraries “key intermediaries in the U.S. book ecosystem” and praise them for “facilitating broad access to information and reducing barriers faced by individuals who might otherwise not be able to obtain such materials.”
Even after modeling the potentially deleterious financial effects of ebook lending — billions in lost output and thousands of lost jobs — the report blithely claims, “None of the quantitative analyses included in this study imply that digital investment is undesirable.”
No, of course not.
So what’s going on?
Remember: Libraries don’t buy ebooks the way you do. They usually have to purchase a more expensive license that allows them to lend an ebook only a certain number of times or for a certain number of days. When that license expires, they often have to buy it again.
As budgets strain under the weight of these expenses, legislators in many states are coming to libraries’ defense by trying to pass laws that would force down ebook costs and loosen publishers’ restrictive licensing terms.
AAP and the Authors Guild have no interest in antagonizing librarians or getting royally shhhed by be-caped Nancy Pearl. But they’re nervous about pro-library laws gathering momentum around the country.
It’s that threat of future legislative relief for libraries that really makes the authors of this report sweat. Easing licensing terms, they fear, could siphon even more readers away from buying books.
“The goals of publishers and authors largely align with the goals of libraries,” they write. So why fiddle with what’s working fairly well? “Clearly the amount of digital material in libraries has increased significantly, and costs per license have fallen, which doesn’t suggest market failure in licensing.”
Move along, folks. Nothing to see here!
“Efforts through state legislation to control the process and mandate pricing and terms for licensing of e-books and audiobooks from publishers and authors to libraries,” they write, “are likely to disrupt the market process.”
Translation: Please, dear reasonable people, let’s allow “a more natural market-based evolution of licensing models” to continue as God intended.
I’m not persuaded by the publishers’ pain.
For decades, I listened to them bemoan the collapse of newspaper book sections around the country without spending a dime on advertising outside the giant newspaper in their own backyard.
Now, similarly, they claim they can’t afford to help libraries — the biggest promoter of their wares and their most effective ally in the fight against literary oblivion.
Waxing rhapsodic about “natural market-based evolution”? Get real: Those footsteps lead directly to Amazon selling AI-generated slop for a penny a book.
You want to save your publishing industry?
Make it easier and cheaper for libraries to cultivate readers.
Don’t publish more books than you can effectively promote.
Treat the backlist as a valuable resource, not a shelf of antique canned goods.
Produce beautiful physical books that are a joy to hold and own.
Our literary culture is under widespread, organized, federally empowered assault. This is no time for publishers to blame their financial woes on America’s beleaguered libraries.◆
The rest of the newsletter follows below.
Books Go to the Movies
Life imitates art — and then kills it — in Marble Hall Murders, streaming Sunday on PBS Masterpiece. While editing a new novel in a famous detective series, Susan Ryeland (Lesley Manville) discovers clues to an old murder, and she’s a suspect in a new one. The series is based on a novel by Anthony Horowitz.
It was the best of TV, it was the worst of TV. Mirren Mack stars in a loose adaptation of Charles Dickens’s A Tale of Two Cities. The series, which starts streaming Sunday night on MGM+, is set during the French Revolution, when Lucie Manette is torn between two very different men (Kit Harington and François Civil) who happen to look almost exactly alike (trailer).
In 2017, Roxane Gay published Hunger: A Memoir of (My) Body, detailing the rape she survived at the age of 12 and the long shadow it cast over her life. Saturday, she brings that story to Lifetime TV in a docudrama called Surviving the Silence, starring Hilda Martin as young Roxane and Sunnii E. Bartee as adult Roxane (trailer).◆
King of the Jungle
Not so much anymore, but there was a time when my friends and I spent most of our days tromping through the woods looking for vines on which we could swing. Our other pursuit — far less successful — was looking for quicksand, which, I’ve come to realize, is not as prevalent as I was led to believe.
The warbling yell wasn’t the only thing we learned from the TV show Tarzan, which debuted 60 years ago this month. The King of the Jungle, played by Ron Ely, was a defender of the weak. He hated greedy poachers, and so did we. But we still wanted a pet chimp.
Thirty years after running around in a loincloth, Ely wrote a couple of mysteries, but I hadn’t started reviewing books then. I was, however, more aware of Tarzan’s origins in the racist novels of Edgar Rice Burroughs.
My friend and former colleague Michael Dirda has noted that in the first half of the 20th century, Tarzan “must have been the most famous literary creation in the world, except for Sherlock Holmes.” But to return to those novels now is to be reminded of the author’s “portrayal of Africans as barbaric subhumans, his xenophobic hatred of the Germans (World War I) and the Japanese (World War II), his enthusiasm for eugenics coupled with an undisguised horror of miscegenation.”
Some of those offensive prejudices are on display in Hal Foster’s Tarzan, a gorilla-size reproduction of the Sunday comic strips that ran from 1931 through 1937. This $200 volume from the art publisher Taschen weighs 11 pounds — or three coconuts.
The pages, 13 by 17 inches, are almost as big as the newspapers in which Foster’s comics once appeared. The book begins, in black and white, with young Lord Greystoke and his bride sailing from Dover to Africa in 1888. It ends, decades later, in color, when a white adventurer bombs an African city with poison gas and Tarzan refuses to surrender. (Foster was off to create Prince Valiant.)
Dian Hanson’s introduction gets bogged down in Foster’s testy relationship with United Feature Syndicate, but there are some adventurous highlights. For instance, Foster’s grandfather, Captain Edward Rudolf, ate one of his dead crewmates after a shipwreck.
Foster’s own life was considerably less traumatic. He taught himself to draw by looking at books and magazines at the public library and studying his own naked body reflected in his bedroom mirror.
“He learned to do it quickly,” she writes, “because he only had time to practice in the unheated room during winter.” (Clearly, there’s a story there.) Later, he perfected his art by drawing brassieres, corsets, sanitary belts, and bustles for the Hudson’s Bay Company catalog.
This may go a long way to explaining why the women in the Tarzan comics frequently appear in what could pass for underwear.
“Near-nudity was not the only shock Tarzan delivered on Sunday mornings,” Hanson writes. “Bloody battles, murders, and barely averted murders occurred weekly. The artwork grew rich as catastrophe piled upon catastrophe, all of it mirroring the decade’s global suffering.”
If you’d like my giant copy of Hal Foster’s Tarzan: The Complete Sunday Comics, be the 60th reader to send me an email with the subject line “Me Tarzan” (click here).◆
Literary Honors & Prizes
Alix E. Harrow’s The Everlasting was named Best Novel at the Hugo Awards ceremony, which celebrates the year’s finest science fiction and fantasy. Netflix is already working on an adaptation of The Everlasting about the relationship between a female knight and a scholar sent back through time. (Full list of Hugo winners).
At the Edinburgh International Book Festival, Josh Silver’s Traumaland won the YA Book Prize. The thriller, titled Erase Me in the U.S., is about a 17-year-old boy numbed by a near-death car accident who seeks out emotional stimulation in an underground club where members experience virtual reality trauma.
At a ceremony last night in Zurich, an international team of scientists won the Ig Nobel Prize in Soil Science for burying 1,000 pairs of underpants in more than 25 countries and then digging them up two months later to assess soil health. Each Ig Nobel winner received a foot mounted on a block of blue cheese. The ceremony was kept on schedule by the aggressive policing of three human-sized bananas. (Full list of ignominious winners). ◆
Picture This
In 1928, a young man named E.B. White published a poem in an even younger magazine called The New Yorker.
In bouncy rhyming couplets, the poem describes a man walking around the Central Park Reservoir at midnight. His attention is caught by an equally restless duck:
Afloat at night upon the deep
You’d think a duck would go to sleep.
You’d think a normal duck would hanker
To close his eyes and ride at anchor.
The Latin title feels a bit much, “Natura in Urbe,” but it’s pure E.B. White, or what the world would someday recognize as E.B. White — gently witty and charmingly anthropomorphic, tinged with wonder and melancholy.
Tipping his hand just a bit, White writes, “Surely he would not swim and swim / Were something hard not troubling him.”
Then again, maybe not. “I like to think he swam the deep / Because he simply could not sleep.”
Sometimes insomnia is just insomnia.
White’s poem has just been released as a lovely picture book titled The Duck Can’t Sleep, with Melissa Sweet’s mixed-media collage and watercolor illustrations. (You may remember her 2016 illustrated biography, Some Writer! The Story of E.B. White.)
This edition includes a foreword by White’s granddaughter, Martha White, who reveals that a year after publishing “Natura in Urbe,” he wrote in his journal about walking around the Central Park reservoir wondering if he should quit his job and leave town. Presumably — and fortunately! — the ducks helped him make the right decision.
P.S. Katherine Rundell, a brilliant John Donne scholar who is also, inexplicably, a fantastic children’s book writer, has published a new edition of Why You Should Read Children’s Books, Even Though You Are So Old and Wise. This sprightly essay — bound as a wee hardcover book, perfect for gift-giving — explores the history of children’s literature and its persistent value. “We as adults,” Rundell writes, “must hasten to children’s books to be reminded of what we have left to us, whenever we need to start out all over again.”◆
This Week’s Poem
Melanie McCabe’s fourth poetry collection, All the Signs Were There, offers the wry perspective of a woman paying close attention to the joys and humiliations of ordinary life.
“My carefully constructed philosophy of survival: / be nowhere disaster expects to find me.”
But of course, it comes just the same.
To the Teenaged Clerk Who Gift-Wraps My Purchase
Your legs are an astonishment of blankness.
One could make a hotel bed with the white
of your skin. How will danger know where to nick
this tundra, this alabaster, this soapstone?
How have you managed all of these years
without pores? If there is a law of gravity,
you have broken it. If the store had no roof,
you would float away. You use a scissor blade
to make ribbon curl into perfect ringlets.
Fingers fold, tuck corners, smoother than ice
in the bourbon you’d need a fake ID to buy.
Your toenails are painted pink. Of course they are.
That lip gloss never unglosses, is never less than
cherry. How is it possible that you have never
bruised, sprouted, snagged, or blistered,
that you have starved mosquitoes with your
bloodlessness? If your veins could be threaded
and hung as wind chimes, would they clink
in a gale like a table being set, knife against
plate, crystal glass next to crystal glass?
How is it possible that you live inside that body
so unaware, not yet understanding that this container
that holds your cargo, your self, is a gift that will be
taken away? You wouldn’t hear me if I told you,
so I merely nod as you hand me my box,
bright explosions of ribbons bouncing across
its top, nod again as you chirp, There ya go!
The tiny bell of the shop door jingles as I step
out into a dazzle of sunlight that creates my shadow.
You were right, after all, in that farewell. There I go.
From “All the Signs Were There.” Copyright © 2026 by Melanie McCabe. Published by Longleaf Press, 2026. Reprinted by permission of the author. All rights reserved.
P.S. Later this month, U.S. Poet Laureate Arthur Sze will launch his “Words Bridging Worlds” tour, set to visit Honolulu, Minneapolis, Boise, and San Antonio. Each stop over the next few months will feature a public conversation and a poetry translation workshop. These events are free and open to the public (details).◆

Standing With Dawn
Determined not to spend so much time sitting, Dawn bought a small standing desk this week.
Since we already don’t drink, smoke, use salt, or eat red meat, there really aren’t that many pleasures left to give up. (Refrigeration? Paper clips?)
So far, the reviews on Dawn’s standing desk have been inconclusive. She likes the way it holds a book and her laptop, but standing all the time makes her weirdly self-conscious about standing all the time.
At school, she never sits down, but she never stops moving either. She works her classroom like an auctioneer, stand-up comic, and traffic cop combined.
Now I feel guilty about sitting around all day reading. It’s worse than smoking, you know, which must be true because I read it on the Internet. I’ll have to up the ante by getting a treadmill desk.◆
Clippings
This week’s review is The Disappearers, Marlon James’s monumental novel about homophobia, violence, and survival (review).
Bookshop.org, the mission-driven alternative to Amazon, has now raised $50 million for independent bookstores. Where you shop matters.
Of all the things I did not believe last week, this is the thing I did not believe most: “One aide to the president said Trump has become a reader of presidential biographies.” — The Wall Street Journal, Aug. 28, 2026.
P.S. I’ve discovered that I should have been collecting sales tax on subscriptions sold in a few select locales. The threshold in D.C., for instance, is $100,000 or 200 transactions. Alas, I don’t have anything close to $100,000 in sales in D.C., but just 34 monthly subscribers would produce more than 200 transactions in six months.
Anyhow, I’m not complaining; this is a good problem to have. But it’s a maddeningly complicated one, too, and I don’t want anyone who sees a new sales tax charge to be surprised. Same if you see this newsletter coming to you from prison.◆











